Projects

Applications of Calcined Clay in Lower Carbon Concrete


1 Feb 2024 - 31 Dec 2025
University of Technology Sydney (UTS)
$1,671,719.00 (Cash + In kind)
Sustainable Concrete

Challenge and proposed solution

The construction industry’s transition to low embodied carbon concrete (LCC) faces a growing hurdle.

While replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) like fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) has been a successful strategy, their availability is rapidly diminishing. This decline is driven by two factors: the closure of coal-fired power plants, a major source of FA, and the constrained supply of GGBFS. This creates a potential bottleneck for LCC production, jeopardising the industry’s ability to meet its emission reduction targets.

However, a promising solution emerges in the form of calcined clay concrete, which offers a 30-40% CO2 reduction and comparable performance to OPC while using readily available clay materials. With Australia consuming a significant amount of ready-mixed concrete annually, exploring calcined clay concrete as a viable alternative presents a significant opportunity. Acknowledging industry concerns regarding the performance, material properties, sustainability implications, and commercial unknowns of clay-based SCMs, this project, led by Boral, Calix, and UTS, will assess the economic viability and environmental sustainability of concretes incorporating calcined clay (CC) in the binder.


PROJECT PARTNER

  • Boral Limited (Boral)
  • Transport for NSW
  • Calix Limited (Calix)